Abstract

Overview

An ever-increasing use of wireless devices has raised significant concerns among scientists about their impact on living systems. This study particularly focuses on the sensitive prenatal development phase.

Findings

• Pregnant Wistar albino rats were exposed to 2.45 GHz pulsed microwave radiation with a power density of 2.8 mW/cm² and a specific absorption rate of 1.82 W/kg for 2 hours daily throughout their pregnancy.
• Post-birth, male offspring showed no further exposure.
• Significant adverse effects were observed in the testicular development of these rats:
• Irregular shape and degeneration of seminiferous tubules.
• Decreased diameter of seminiferous tubules and height of germinal epithelium.
• Increased interstitial space.
• Vacuolation in somatic and germ cells, with frequent necrotizing cells.
• Leydig cells contained an increased count of lipid droplets.
• Higher levels of Fluoro Jade - C and superoxide dismutase 2 were detected.

Conclusion

The study confirms the dangers posed by prenatal exposure to microwave radiation at 2.45 GHz, indicating significant morphological changes and potential health risks to the reproductive development of the male offspring.