Effects of 5G mobile phone network electromagnetic field exposure on testicular endoplasmic reticulum stress and the protective role of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)

Authors: Yilmaz H, Tümkaya L, Mercantepe T, Yılmaz A, Gül F, Suzan ZT

Year: 2025 Jan 6

Category: Biomedical Research

Journal: Arch Med Res

Institution: Arch Med Res

DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103157

URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39765017/

Abstract

Introduction and Aim

The proliferation of electromagnetic fields (EMF) has raised concerns of electromagnetic pollution. This study investigates how exposure to 5G Fr1 frequency EMF influences endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in testicular tissues and assesses the protective effects of coenzyme Q10.

Materials and Methods

Study Groups: Three groups of eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were used.
Control Group: Group I received only saline solution by oral gavage.
EMF Exposure Group: Group II received saline and was exposed to 5.9 GHz EMF for 2 hours daily.
EMF + CoQ10 Group: Group III was treated similarly to Group II but additionally received 10 mg/kg CoQ10 in corn oil daily.

Results

The EMF group showed significant testicular damage characterized by:

Increased damage to spermatogenic cells.
Higher levels of oxidative stress markers and inflammatory response.

In contrast, the CoQ10 treatment group demonstrated reduced histopathological damage and markers of oxidative stress.

Conclusion

CoQ10, owing to its antioxidant capabilities, effectively reduced the damage and stress caused by 5G EMF exposure in testicular tissues. It emerges as a potential neuroprotective agent against ER stress induced by EMF.

5G electromagnetic field testicular stress CoQ10 oxidative stress apoptosis rat study

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