Wide-band metamaterial absorber for sub-6 GHz 5G applications: Reducing specific absorption rate

Authors: Routray P, Ghosh D.

Year: 2025

Category: Electronics and Communications

Journal: AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications

DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.155709

URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1434841125000500

Abstract

Overview

This study focuses on the development of a wide-band, polarization, and oblique angle insensitive metamaterial absorber optimized for the sub-6 GHz frequency band extensively utilized in 5G networks. The absorber is designed to minimize the health hazards associated with electromagnetic radiation from these frequencies.

Design and Methodology

The design incorporates a combination of rings, split rings, and meander-crossed dipoles loaded with lumped resistors. The equivalent circuit, constructed via a quasi-static approach, substantiates the design which was both fabricated and empirically measured.

Findings

  • The absorber achieved an absorption bandwidth of 1.9 GHz covering from 3.1 to 5 GHz, encompassing the bands n77, n78, and n79 dedicated to 5G.
  • Independence from polarization angle and high absorptivity (>80%) up to an oblique angle of 60°.
  • Empirical tests confirm the absorptivity plots derived from both EM and circuit simulations, indicating practical applicability.

Conclusion

The absorber effectively reduces EM radiation and specific absorption rate (SAR) in the critical 5G band, showing up to 95% efficiency. It provides substantial protection against potential health risks associated with widespread 5G usage.

metamaterial 5G electromagnetic radiation specific absorption rate sub-6 GHz circuit simulation health safety
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