The influence of eyelashes on electric field distribution and absorbed power density in the cornea under millimeter-wave exposure

Authors: Foroughimehr N, Vilagosh Z, Yavari A, Wood A

Category: Bioelectromagnetics

Journal: Bioelectromagnetics

DOI: 10.1002/bem.22526

URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39402869/

Abstract

Overview

As millimeter wave (MMW) technology, particularly in fifth-generation (5G) devices, gains prominence, there is a crucial need for comprehensive electromagnetic (EM) models of ocular tissues. This study aims to understand and characterize EM exposure conditions accurately.

Methodology

The study employs numerical modeling to investigate the interaction between MMW and the cornea using an anatomically accurate eye model. The influence of eyelashes is considered, with analysis spanning frequencies from 20.0 to 100.0 GHz. Simulations are conducted using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, while temperature distribution within the eye model is measured using a thermal sensor operational under the finite difference (FD) method.

Findings

  • The EM field shows a nonuniform distribution, intensifying in corneal regions adjacent to eyelashes and eyelids.
  • The presence of eyelashes causes minimal impact on temperature changes, although it contributes to higher radiation absorption by the eyelid's epidermis at higher frequencies (100.0 GHz).
  • This increased absorption potentially reduces the temperature rise in the cornea.
millimeter-wave 5G electromagnetic models cornea FDTD method thermal sensor radiation absorption
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