Abstract

Overview

A joint metabolomic and lipidomic approach was applied to investigate the impact of 60 GHz millimeter waves on biological tissues. The study focuses on human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells), exposed to millimeter waves at the upper exposure limit for the general public.

Methods

• Frequency: 60.4 GHz
• Incident power density: 20 mW/cm²
• 24-hour exposure
• Analytical techniques: UPLC-Q-Exactive for metabolomics and lipidomics

Findings

Limited changes were observed in lipidomic sequences and intracellular metabolomic analyses with only 0 to 6 dysregulated features. However, significant dysregulations were noted in extracellular metabolomic profiles, with 111 and 99 frames altered in positive and negative polarities respectively.

Conclusion

The extensive modifications in extracellular metabolomic profiles suggest a hypothesis that MMW exposure might alter the permeability of cell membranes, indicating a potential health risk associated with electromagnetic field exposure.