Abstract

Overview

The increasing use of nonionizing radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMFs) across various technologies calls for enhanced research into their biological impacts. This study focuses on understanding the epigenetic effects of RF-EMFs, particularly through DNA methylation—a critical regulatory mechanism in cells.

Findings

• Investigation specifically targeted the changes in DNA methylation in human keratinocytes post 1-hour exposure to 900 MHz RF-EMFs at a low mean specific absorption rate (<10 mW/kg).
• Utilized a custom exposure system to maintain cell cultures under biologically relevant conditions (37 °C, 5% CO2, 95% humidity).
• Performed whole genome bisulfite sequencing immediately after RF-EMF exposure to detect early changes and identify differentially methylated genes that respond to RF-EMF exposure.
• Correlation of global gene expression with sequencing data revealed six targets that were both differentially methylated and expressed, suggesting their potential as biomarkers for immediate epigenetic responses to RF-EMFs.

Conclusion

The study uncovers significant epigenetic alterations following RF-EMF exposure, highlighting the role of DNA methylation and suggesting potential epigenetic biomarkers for early detection of cellular changes due to RF-EMF exposure.