Radiofrequency Exposure Levels in Greece

Authors: Tyrakis C, Theodorou K, Kiouvrekis Y, Alexias A, Kappas C

Year: 2023 Feb 14

Category: Bioelectromagnetics

Journal: Bioelectromagnetics

Institution: Medical Physics Department, Medical School, University of Thessaly

DOI: 10.1002/bem.22434

URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36786436/

Abstract

Overview

The research conducted by the Medical Physics Department of the Medical School at University of Thessaly evaluates the levels of radiofrequency (RF) exposure across different regions in Greece. This study is part of the larger Greek National EMF research program (EDBM34).

Methodology

  • A total of 1000 measurements were recorded using an SRM 3006 spectrum analyzer from Narda Safety Test Solutions.
  • Measurements were taken in "metropolitan locations" — Athens and Thessaloniki (624 points) and rest urban/rural locations (376 points).

Findings

The average RF exposure in metropolitan areas was 0.41 V/m, slightly higher compared to 0.36 V/m in other areas of Greece. TV and Radio FM signals were the primary sources of RF in metropolitan regions, whereas meteorological and military/defensive systems were predominant in non-metropolitan areas. Mobile sector RF was present but less significant.

Compliance with Safety Standards

The total RF exposure from all sources remained within the safety limits set by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) 2020 guidelines. Maximum exposure levels reached were 0.129% and 0.110% of the limit for metropolitan and other areas, respectively.

Conclusion

No significant differences were found in RF exposure levels between metropolitan and other areas. The upcoming inclusion of 5G antennas is expected to increase total exposure, suggesting possible implications for determining safer distances in urban and rural settings.

radiofrequency exposure EMF safety non-ionizing radiation health risks Greece ICNIRP guidelines
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