Abstract

Overview

Exploring the impact of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on the male reproductive system remains vital due to inconsistent findings and the essential nature of reproductive health. This study specifically investigates how 50-Hz, 3-mT EMF affects rat testicular development when exposure occurs during prenatal and postnatal periods.

Background and Objectives

• Negative effects of EMFs on the reproductive system have been documented.
• The study aims to clarify the effects of prenatal and postnatal EMF exposure on testes, an area with limited research.

Materials and Methods

Pups from three rat groups were evaluated: a control group (Sham) and two EMF-exposed groups (EMF-28 and EMF-42). Assessments were carried out at postnatal day 42.

Findings

• Significant decrease in seminiferous tubule diameter in the EMF-42 group indicative of testicular degeneration.
• Lower FSH and LH hormone levels found in EMF-42 group.
• Increase in lipid peroxidation and a decrease in antioxidants in EMF-exposed groups.
• Decreased levels of VEGF, IGF1 in EMF-42 and SHANK3 in EMF-28 suggestive of negative EMF impact on testicular protein levels.

Conclusion

Exposure to EMF during critical developmental windows significantly disrupts testicular structure and function, along with decreasing important growth factors in male rats. Proteins such as SHANK3, VEGF, and IGF1 are potentially crucial mediators in the effects observed in EMF exposed testes, marking them as significant in the context of EMF safety considerations.