Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields exposure during the prenatal and postnatal periods alters pro-inflammatory cytokines levels by gender

Authors: Ozturk H, Saribal D, Gelmez YM, Deniz G, Yilmaz A, Kirectepe A, Ercan AM

Year: 2022 Mar 2

Category: Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine

Journal: Electromagn Biol Med

DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2022.2046045

URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35232334/

Abstract

Overview

Exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) during critical developmental periods, specifically the gestational and lactational periods, may pose significant health risks. This study evaluates the potential impacts on the immune system of offspring following maternal exposure to ELF-EMF.

Findings

  • Immune System Development: Analysis of offspring showed significant alterations in white blood cell counts and lymphocyte populations.
  • Cytokine Production: Notable increases were observed in IL-17A and IFN-γ levels in plasma and spleen. Although IL-4 levels remained unchanged, IL-17A gene expression was significantly upregulated, suggesting enhanced cytokine production.
  • Gender-Based Differences: Significant increases in CD4+ cell counts were detected predominantly in female groups, indicating a potential gender-specific response to ELF-EMF exposure.

Conclusion

The study concludes that prenatal and postnatal exposure to ELF-EMF potentially increases inflammatory responses and CD4+ cell proliferation in young female rats, highlighting a pronounced effect on immune system modulation and suggesting possible long-term health risks.

electromagnetic fields prenatal exposure postnatal exposure cytokines immune response inflammation gender differences
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