Sensory Processing Sensitivity, and Not Gender, Drives Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity and Nature Connection

Abstract

Overview

Electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) is a biomedical condition associated with exposure to man-made radio-frequency electromagnetic fields. Common sources include devices such as mobile phones, wireless networks, base stations, computers, TVs, and more. Identifying individuals at risk of developing EHS is crucial for public health and safety.

Study Design

This gender-matched cross-sectional study assessed differences in environmental sensitivity, focusing on sensory processing sensitivity (SPS), EHS, and connectedness to nature (CNS) among 450 participants (225 men and 225 women).

Findings

• Women exhibited higher general EHS prevalence than men (13.3% vs. 5.3%).
• Higher mean values for perceived sensitivity to 5 out of 9 electromagnetic equipment categories (computers, electrical appliances, fluorescent lighting, mobile phones, televisions) were found in women.
• Women scored higher on the EHS General, EHS Scale, and EHS Index, as well as on SPS and CNS scales.
• When controlling for SPS in multivariate analyses, these gender differences disappeared, indicating SPS as the underlying factor.
• Statistical equation modeling (SEM) showed:
• A significant positive direct effect of SPS on CNS.
• A significant indirect effect mediated by EHS.

Conclusion

This study provides the first empirical evidence that individuals with high sensory processing sensitivity can perceive electromagnetic radiation. The link between health risks from electromagnetic fields and EHS is strongly driven by sensory processing sensitivity rather than gender. These findings highlight the importance of SPS in identifying individuals more likely to experience EHS and increased connectedness to nature.