Abstract

Overview

This study delves into the developmental effects of radio-frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMFs) on the Blue Bottle Fly (Calliphora vomitoria, CV), utilizing anatomically accurate 3D models for dosimetry and real-life exposure experiments.

Purpose

• The research aims to understand how RF-EMFs at 5.4 GHz affect the development of insects, specifically employing the Blue Bottle Fly as a model organism.

Materials and Methods

• The use of CV stems from its susceptibility to thermal influences during development, particularly during the pupal stage which presents an opportunity to expose immobile pupae to RF-EMF over several days.
• The selected 5.4 GHz frequency allowed license-free operation, crucial for uninterrupted experimentation.
• Advanced numerical electromagnetic simulations paired with micro-CT scans were used to create detailed 3D models of CV, facilitating precise dosimetry estimations of absorbed power and whole-body specific absorption rate (SAR) during exposure.
• A controlled experiment was conducted with three exposure settings over 48 hours, including a sham exposure for comparison.

Results and Conclusions

• Study findings showed no significant variation in mass, length, or diameter among all pupae groups—whether exposed, sham, or control.
• However, the rate of pupal emergence was notably affected in one RF-EMF exposure (19.4 V/m) group showing a delayed emergence, while the higher exposure (55 V/m) somehow accelerated development.
• Such findings contribute significantly to understanding the biological impacts of RF-EMFs, suggesting potential inadequacy in current safety standards when considering varied species sensitivity.