Effects of 2.45 GHz Non-Ionizing Radiation on Anxiety-Like Behavior, Gene Expression, and Corticosterone Level in Male Rats: Long-term Radiation Exposure Modifies Memory and Anxiety Behavior

Abstract

Overview

This study investigates the effects of short-term and long-term exposure to 2.45 GHz radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) on anxiety-like behavior, corticosterone levels, and gene expression in male rats.

Methodology

The experimental rats were divided into eight groups: sham groups and exposed groups. The exposures were performed for one hour daily, including both short-term and long-term durations, using the consistent dose of RF-EMR. Notably, the sham control group's Wi-Fi equipment remained turned off during the experiment.

Findings

• RF-EMR impacted the expression of the Bax and Bcl-2 genes, which are associated with memory.
• Short-term exposure led to a decreased percentage of entries and time spent in the open arm, acting as a systemic stressor.
• This exposure increased plasma corticosterone and altered glucocorticoid receptor expression in the hippocampus.

However, long-term exposure did not show significant effects on these parameters.

Conclusion

The study supports the hypothesis that short-term exposure to RF-EMR can act as a systemic stressor. These findings underscore the potential health risks associated with exposure to electromagnetic fields, particularly in terms of cognitive and stress-related changes. Further research is crucial to develop strategies to mitigate these negative effects on the nervous system.