Effect of 6 GHz radiofrequency electromagnetic field on the development of fetal bones

Authors: Karamazı Y, Emre M, Uçar S, Aksoy G, Emre T, Tokuş M.

Year: 2024

Category: Radiobiology

Journal: Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine

DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2024.2438608

URL: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15368378.2024.2438608

Abstract

Overview

This study investigates the effects of 6 GHz Radiofrequency-Electromagnetic Field (RF-EMF) exposure on prenatal bone development using a Wistar Albino rat model.

Methodology

Forty rats were divided into four groups with varying exposure conditions:

  • Control Group: No exposure.
  • Group-I: Only male rats exposed.
  • Group-II: Both male and female rats exposed.
  • Group-III: Only female rats exposed.
Exposure lasted 4 hours per day for 6 weeks, followed by mating and an additional exposure of pregnant females for 18 days.

Findings

The key findings from the exposure groups when compared to the control involve:

  • Significant increases in fetal weights, head-tail length, and occipital-frontal and parietal-parietal lengths.
  • Marked improvements in bone lengths, ossification zone lengths, and ossification percentages in extremities, assessed using the double skeletal staining method and ImageJ program.

Conclusion

The study demonstrates that 6 GHz RF-EMF exposure during the prenatal period has a significant positive impact on bone development.

electromagnetic fields fetal development radiobiology prenatal exposure animal model bone ossification skeletal system
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