Effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation with a focus on hematology parameters: a brief review and future research needs

Abstract

Overview

The use of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) has been increasing since the 1950s across various fields such as medicine, industry, and telecommunications. Particularly, the advent of 5G networks has amplified usage and concerns regarding potential adverse impacts on health.

Findings

RF-EMR is linked to several biological effects, including genotoxicity, alterations in cell proliferation, gene expression, signaling pathways, and overall cellular functions. These impacts extend to the immune, hematopoietic, and reproductive systems. Exposure to RF-EMR from devices like cell phones is observed to negatively affect blood cells and alter complete blood count metrics, varying by organism type, RF source, frequency, intensity, and exposure duration. Limited studies are available on RF-EMR's effects on the haematology indicators and erythrocyte morphometry specifically in domestic animals.

Future Research Needs

The review highlights the need for further exploration into the effects of 5G RF-EMR on haematology parameters, erythrocyte morphometry, and platelet activation in both humans and animals. Given widespread electromagnetic pollution, understanding these effects is crucial, especially concerning in vitro blood exposure implications in transfusion medicine.