Magnetically Stimulated Myogenesis Recruits a CRY2-TRPC1 Photosensitive Signaling Axis

Abstract

Overview

The cryptochromes are flavoproteins that respond to light and magnetic fields, playing a role in circadian rhythm and development. This study explores the effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) on myogenesis, the formation of muscular tissue, influenced by transient receptor potential canonical 1 (TRPC1)-mediated calcium entry.

Findings

• Single brief exposures to low-energy PEMFs enhance myogenesis, with directionality of fields affecting the outcome.
• Dark conditions cause myoblasts to lose sensitivity to magnetic fields and directionality.
• Modulation of cryptochrome circadian regulator 2 (CRY2) levels in myoblast cells alters their response to PEMFs in light conditions.
• A decrease in cellular flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) due to silenced riboflavin kinase (RFK) reduces PEMF response and directional selectivity.
• Physical interaction and nuclear co-translocation of CRY2 and TRPC1 were observed post-PEMF exposure indicating a TRPC1-dependent myogenic cascade triggered by magnetotransduction.

Conclusion

The study identifies a novel photosensitive signaling axis involving CRY2 and TRPC1 that regulates myogenesis under electromagnetic field exposure. It highlights how cryptochromes and cellular conditions influence magnetic responsiveness and directional sensitivity in cellular development.