Abstract

Abstract Summary

Overview

Impaired apoptosis is a key feature of cancer, and treatments often aim to promote apoptosis in tumor cells. This review addresses the effects of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) on apoptosis induction.

Findings

• Several studies point out that ELF-MF can influence apoptosis, although results vary significantly.
• Direct exposure to ELF-EMF alone often shows minimal changes in apoptosis.
• Combined exposure to ELF-EMF and other stress factors (like chemotherapy or radiation) can enhance or diminish the apoptotic effects of these co-stressors.
• The review highlights that the cellular stress responses following ELF-EMF exposure and its interaction with apoptosis pathways are often overlooked in literature.

Conclusion

The document concludes with an attempt to resolve these controversies by focusing on the interactions between ELF-EMF, cellular stress responses, and apoptosis. A detailed explanation of potential pathways affected by ELF-EMF and the cellular cues for stress response induction due to ELF-EMF is provided.