Measurement of non-ionizing radiation (NIR) from Wi-Fi access points and microwave ovens in residential environments

Abstract

Overview

Monitoring radiation levels in residential environments is crucial due to the widespread use of Wi-Fi access points and microwave ovens. This research aims to measure and compare these levels against national and international safety limits.

Methodology

The study utilized the Narda NBM-520, identical to the equipment used by Brazil's National Telecommunication Agency for Non-ionizing Radiation (NIR) inspection. The research focused on two primary devices found in homes: Wi-Fi access points and microwave ovens.

• Wi-Fi Access Points: Measurements covered 40 Wi-Fi points, checking exposure levels particularly in different network scenarios.
• Microwave Ovens: 50 microwave ovens were tested for radiation exposure levels, especially at the door's front.

Findings

The highest exposure level for Wi-Fi was found to be 4.66V/m, which is 7.64% of the accepted limit. This occurrence was most notable in the 2.4 GHz network. In microwave ovens, 72% of the units measured had the highest exposure level near the door front.

Analysis included factors such as equipment brand, time of use, and conservation state, which provided insights into variables influencing radiation exposure.

Conclusion

The study confirms that while most devices adhere to safety standards, continuous monitoring and adherence to maintenance and quality standards are essential to ensure safety in residential environments.