Abstract

Study Overview

The research conducted aimed at understanding the impacts of electromagnetic waves emitted by mobile phones on the brain development of rats. This was analyzed both morphologically and biochemically.

Methods Employed

Exposure to electromagnetic waves was set at two hours per day until birth in different experimental groups, while the control group was not exposed. Assessments were done on the 60th postnatal day.

• Measurement of brain malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels.
• Western blot analysis for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) content.
• Hematoxylin and eosin staining.
• GFAP immunohistochemistry.
• Trigeminal nerves examination using transmission electron microscope.

Key Findings

Significant neuronal damage was observed in the cortex and hippocampus of rats exposed to mobile phone electromagnetic waves, especially in those in talk mode compared to stand-by mode. There was a notable increase in MDA levels and a decrease in GSH levels in exposed groups, indicating oxidative stress. Additionally, a decrease in myelinated axons and an increase in GFAP content and staining were noted in the exposed groups compared to controls.

Conclusion

The study concludes that exposure to 1800 MHz EMWs, with a specific absorption rate (SAR) of 1.79 W/kg, significantly affects neuronal integrity, causes oxidative stress, and leads to trigeminal nerve damage and astroglial activation in rats. This damage is more pronounced in modes that emulate active phone conversations.