Abstract

Overview

Diplomats from the USA stationed in Havana, Cuba between 2016 and 2018 reported unusual neurologic symptoms accompanied by MRI changes. This study aims to explore the implications of these findings in a detailed manner.

Findings

• Utilized diffusion-weighted MRI along with fixel-based analysis and structural connectomics to study the white matter microstructure.
• A total of 24 diplomats and their families were examined and classified into exposed and unexposed cohorts.
• Reduction in fibre density was observed specifically in the fornix and splenium among exposed diplomats compared to the unexposed and healthy controls.
• Statistically significant post hoc analyses sustain these findings, showing correlations with the duration of stay in Havana.
• Decreased structural connectivity was noted in specific subcortical and cortical networks.

Conclusion

The study links reduced white matter fibre density and decreased network connectivity with the neurologic symptoms reported by diplomats. Despite the undetermined cause, such structural changes in the brain are significantly associated with the symptoms experienced. This raises concerns about potential health risks related to electromagnetic fields and other environmental factors in Havana.