Symptoms reported by Canadians posted in Havana are linked with reduced white matter fibre density

Abstract

Overview

Diplomats from the USA stationed in Havana, Cuba reported experiencing unusual neurological symptoms and changes in MRI scans between late 2016 and 2018.

Methodology

The study analyzed the white matter microstructure and network connectivity through diffusion-weighted MRI, fixel-based analysis, and structural connectomics using MRtrix3 software. The sample included data from 24 diplomats and their family members, along with 40 healthy controls.

Findings

• Fixel-based analysis identified a significant reduction in fibre density in the fornix and splenium among exposed diplomats when compared to unexposed individuals and healthy controls.
• Statistical analysis confirmed this reduction in both regions post exposure (P < 0.05).
• Clinical symptoms such as persistent migraine, tinnitus, sound sensitivity, and fatigue were linked with the reduced fibre density.
• Decreased structural connectivity was noted in subcortical and cortical systems.

Conclusion

The study reveals significant white matter injury in specific brain regions. These injuries are closely correlated with clinical symptoms reported by the diplomats, indicating a potential health risk associated with their posting in Havana.