Short-term exposure of 2.4 GHz electromagnetic radiation on cellular ROS generation and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cell line and impact on developing chick embryo brain tissue

Authors: Deena K, Maadurshni GB, Manivannan J, Sivasamy R

Year: 2025 Jan 21

Category: Molecular Biology

Journal: Molecular Biology Reports

DOI: 10.1007/s11033-025-10217-8

URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39836269/

Abstract

Overview

The study investigates the effects of 2.4 GHz EMR in two model systems: chick embryos and SH-SY5Y cell lines. The goal is to understand how such exposure affects oxidative stress and apoptosis in neurons.

Methods and Results

  • Chick embryos were exposed to 2.4 GHz EMR, 4 hours daily over 5 days; brain tissues were analyzed for oxidative stress indicators and apoptosis.
  • SH-SY5Y cells exposed to the same EMR conditions showed increased ROS production, DNA damage, and signs of apoptosis.
  • Antioxidants like NAC and Mito-TEMPO were effective in mitigating the cytotoxic effects in both models.

Conclusion

Short-term EMR exposure induced moderate oxidative stress and molecular changes (4 hours exposure). Notably, oxidative stress was managed with antioxidant applications, suggesting protective measures against EMR-induced cytotoxic effects. Further investigation is encouraged, specifically the effects of exposure beyond 4 hours.

electromagnetic radiation oxidative stress apoptosis SH-SY5Y cells chick embryo antioxidants ROS generation
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