Abstract

Overview

We conducted a systematic review based on the PRISMA statement to assess the safety of smartphones, mobile phones, Internet, and Wi-Fi usage among people with epilepsy (PWE).

Methodology

Extensive literature searches were performed using Scopus, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar up to April 9, 2021, with keywords including "epilepsy," "seizure," "mobile phone," "smartphone," "Wi-Fi," "electromagnetic," and "radiation." Initially, 7766 studies were identified.

Findings

• Out of the examined studies, 33 were related to the subject at hand.
• 19 studies used animal or computational models, with 10 suggesting negative effects of EMFs on brain function and seizure activity.
• 14 studies involved human subjects, equally divided with 7 supporting harmful effects and 7 opposing them.
• A critical finding was in a human study where all patients exhibited increased epileptic events when exposed to mobile phone radiation.
• An additional study correlated increased seizure reports with prolonged use of smart technology devices by school students.

Conclusion

Despite the mixed evidence, the potential for harm from EMFs, especially among PWE, cannot be ignored. Given the lack of high-quality evidence, cautious and reduced use of these technologies is advised, such as utilizing wired hands-free devices.