The role of digital device use on the risk of migraine: a univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study

Abstract

Overview

The pervasive integration of digital devices into daily life has raised concerns about their potential health impacts. This study aimed to explore the causal relationships between digital device use and the risk of migraine using Mendelian randomization (MR).

Methods

• Genetic data on digital device use and migraines were sourced from large-scale genome-wide association studies conducted by the UK Biobank, the FinnGen study, and the International Headache Genetics Consortium.
• Approaches used included Univariable MR (UVMR), meta-analysis, and Multivariable MR (MVMR).
• Sensitivity analyses included tests such as Cochran's Q, MR-Egger intercept test, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier.

Findings

Siginificant associations were found:

• Genetically predicted mobile phone use increased overall migraine (OR = 2.39) and migraine without aura (MO) (OR = 2.25).
• Television watching was also linked to an increased risk of overall migraine (OR = 1.63) and MO (OR = 2.10).

This was supported further by meta-analysis and MVMR analysis, with sensitivity analysis indicating no heterogeneity or pleiotropy.

Conclusion

This comprehensive MR study provides preliminary evidence for the causal impact of mobile phone use and television watching on the risk of migraines. More studies are required to examine these associations in varied populations.