Abstract

Overview

We have analyzed the key stages in the scientific history researching the biomedical effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF) in Russia spanning 130 years. This review establishes the continuity of scientific knowledge across generations through scientific schools, systematic research, and national coordination.

Findings

Our focus primarily lays on the era during which EMF health research methodologies were established. Russian scientists have developed foundational concepts regarding EMF's biological impacts and the principles for their hygienic regulation.

• Key methodological principles for studying EMF effects were founded during this period.
• Scientific principles for understanding EMF's biological effects and health impacts were established.

Conclusion

The material reviewed, although extensive, is not exhaustive given the extensive body of research generated over more than a century. This includes applied research areas like physiotherapy, pest control, and the influence on ecological systems. The continuity and evolution of scientific thought in the Russian scientific community on EMF's biomedical effects are evident over the course of the past 130 years.