Extremely low-level microwaves attenuate immune imbalance induced by inhalation exposure to low-level toluene in mice

Abstract

Overview

The study investigates how extremely low-level microwaves (MW) influence immune cell responses when combined with p38 inhibitor, targeting mice exposed to low-level toluene.

Materials and Methods

• Analysis of cytokine profiles, heat shock proteins expression, and several signaling cascades in spleen lymphocytes.

Findings

Exposure to MW alone or in combination with p38 inhibitor shows substantial modulation of both pro-inflammatory responses and regulatory pathways, suggesting an immunomodulatory effect of low-intensity MW under specific conditions.

Conclusion

The results suggest that extremely low-level MW has the potential to mitigate adverse immune effects induced by environmental toxins like toluene, operating through complex signaling mechanisms.