Computational modeling investigation of pulsed high peak power microwaves and the potential for traumatic brain injury

Abstract

Overview

Concerns related to human exposure to radiofrequency (RF) and microwave energy have traditionally focused on thermal effects. This study explores the impacts, especially in military or research scenarios, of pulsed high-power microwave emissions on human brain tissues through computational models.

Findings

• Thermal and Mechanical Stress: Simulations suggest that high-power microwave exposures, while within current safety standards, can induce significant thermal expansion. This rapid expansion can generate stress waves potentially leading to mechanical stress in the brain.
• Specific Frequency Concerns: A notable peak-to-average ratio in intracranial specific absorption rate (SAR) occurs in the 1 to 1.8 GHz range, indicating a riskier frequency for exposure.
• Microwave Auditory Effect (MAE): Also known as the Frey Effect, MAE results from microwave-induced rapid temperature rises causing perceived noises. This indicates non-thermal sensory impacts from RF/microwave exposure.
• Simulated Exposures: Computational models point to potentially injurious impacts from exposures to high peak power pulsed microwaves under specific conditions.

Conclusion

This study delineates significant safety concerns, shedding light on the potential neuropathological effects of high-intensity microwave pulsed exposures, specifically within controlled environments such as military operations and research facilitations. Given the magnitudes of power much higher than typical public exposure levels, further investigation into protective measures and adjusted safety standards is urged.