In vitro exposure of neuronal networks to the 5G-3.5 GHz signal

Abstract

Overview

The rapid rollout of 5G technology prompts essential inquiries into its potential health impacts, specifically concerning radiofrequency (RF) fields. Previous studies have shown biological effects primarily through heating, but the recent research focuses on non-thermal effects on neuronal activity.

Methods

• Examination of spontaneous activity in neuronal cultures.
• Use of 60-electrode multi-electrode arrays for recording.
• Diverse SAR exposures: 1, 3, and 28 W/kg over 15 minutes.

Findings

Experiments indicate that at SAR levels compliant with current guidelines (1 and 3 W/kg), there is no significant impact on neuronal activity. However, higher exposure levels (28 W/kg) clearly reduce neuronal firing rates and bursting activities, suggesting a potential risk when exposure levels exceed those considered safe.

Conclusion

The study extends previous findings by documenting inhibitory effects of RF exposure on neuronal electrical activity at 3.5 GHz, both continuous-wave and 5G-modulated signals. The observed effects were at SAR levels above recommended safety standards, highlighting potential risks at higher exposures. Further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and the role of temperature changes.