Effect of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation Emitted by Modern Cellphones on Sperm Motility and Viability: An In Vitro Study

Abstract

Overview

Modern cellphones emit radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) primarily for data transmission for activities such as social media, web browsing, and streaming. The prevalent use of Bluetooth earbuds has potentially increased the duration cellphones are kept in men's trouser pockets.

Objective

The study aimed to explore the impact of RF-EMR, on the wireless spectrum (4G, 5G, WiFi), emitted by current-generation smartphones on sperm motility and viability. It also evaluated whether physical barriers or increased distance from the RF source could mitigate these effects.

Methodology

• Participants: Normozoospermic men aged 25-35 years provided semen samples.
• Settings: Each sample was exposed to RF-EMR while a voice call was made using a smartphone via 4G, 5G, or WiFi connectivity.
• Measured outcomes: Sperm motility and viability were analyzed following the 2010 WHO laboratory guidelines. SPSS v.28 was used for statistical analysis.

Findings

The analysis highlighted a reduction in sperm motility and viability from WiFi-connection exposures, contrasted with no observable effects from 4G or 5G connections. Variability among smartphone models suggests further investigation into RF-EMR effects is essential.

Conclusion

The data indicates a significant adverse effect on sperm motility and viability from smartphones operating on WiFi data transmission, underscoring the potential health risks associated with RF-EMR in environments common to everyday use.

Patient Summary

This research identifies harmful effects on semen quality due to WiFi connectivity employed by smartphones, urging awareness and possible rethink on the proximity of cellphone storage during use.