Abstract

Overview

The study aims to explore the effect of long-term exposure to 1800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) on the malignant transformation of Balb/c-3T3 cells.

Methods

• Two groups were established: the exposed group, subject to RF-EMR, and a sham-exposed control.
• Exposures were conducted at 1800 MHz for 4 hours daily over periods of 40 or 60 days.
• Transformation assays, transplantation into SCID mice, clone formation, and transwell assays were used to assess changes.

Findings

Significant increases in cell proliferation and migration were observed among exposed cells, which also demonstrated conditions indicative of malignant transformations, such as clone formation and tumor development in mice. Key biological processes primarily involved lipid metabolism and the mevalonate (MVA) pathway.

Conclusion

Exposure to 1800 MHz RF-EMR over 40 to 60 days leads to malignant transformations in Balb/c-3T3 cells, highlighting the crucial role of lipid metabolism and the MVA pathway. These findings underscore potential health risks associated with long-term RF-EMR exposure.