Abstract

Abstract Overview

Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) are widespread environmental factors. Prior studies have demonstrated their potential to enhance cell proliferation, which may be tied to adverse biological effects.

Research Focus

This study delves into the combined influence of DEHP and 50-Hz magnetic fields (MFs) on the proliferation of human amniotic (FL) cells. Notably, different concentrations of DEHP were tested alongside ELF-EMFs exposure to understand their cumulative impact on cell growth.

Key Findings

• A low concentration of DEHP (1 μM) enhanced FL cell proliferation, while a higher dose (100 μM) inhibited it.
• Cell proliferation rates were significantly elevated when FL cells were simultaneously treated with a 50-Hz, 0.2-mT MF and 0.1 μM DEHP compared to single factor exposure.
• Co-exposure initiated a cooperative activation of key signal pathways including protein kinase B (Akt), sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), fostering cell proliferation.

Conclusion

The findings underscore the pivotal role of combined exposures to DEHP and MFs in promoting cell proliferation via activation of critical signaling pathways. These results indicate a need for caution in assessing the health risks associated with these exposures, particularly at sub-threshold levels.