Abstract

Overview

To investigate the physiological impacts of chronic exposure to radiofrequency radiation on higher mammals, this study utilizes specific absorption rate (SAR) metrics. The focus is on the development of a laboratory setup that simulates a 5G New Radio base station environment.

Findings

• The research employed modified methods for theoretical SAR estimations and contrasting numerical models with the help of CST Microwave Studio software.
• Consideration of different SAR distributions led to findings that the approximated theoretical and numerical simulations of SAR had differences of 7% and 10% for distributed and non-distributed absorptions, respectively.
• Mean whole-body average SARs for rat groups were recorded as 0.0431, 0.0076, and 0.0059 W/kg, indicating variations based on experimental setups and conditions.

Conclusion

The study outlines the complexity in achieving precise dosimetry in dynamic experimental conditions, highlighting the challenge of ambient light and animal movement. Despite lower than expected SAR values, notable physiological changes like temperature increases were observed in animal subjects, pointing to potential health risks at prolonged exposure levels. Adjustments in experimental setup and enhanced accuracy with high-resolution models are recommended for future research.

Additionally, existing guidelines on exposure limits may need reevaluation considering that even lower SAR values led to physiological disturbances, suggesting a nuanced understanding of EMF impact on biological tissues.