Abstract

Overview

The study evaluates the ICNIRP 2020 guidelines which define a temperature elevation threshold related to adverse health effects for localized radiofrequency exposures above 6 GHz. It specifically aims to protect human health by establishing safe limits on absorbed power and energy density.

Findings

• Numerical models were used to assess temperature rises due to electromagnetic exposure using different tissue layer models, beam diameters, and frequencies.
• The smallest beam diameters assessed underscore challenges in maintaining target safety thresholds under certain high-frequency (≥30 GHz) and short pulse scenarios.
• Results indicate that the worst-case tissue temperature rise could be 3.6 times higher than ICNIRP's target limits, prompting a need for adjustments in safety standards.

Conclusion

The study suggests modifications to ICNIRP 2020's localized basic restrictions to better protect against potential overexposure in high-frequency RF environments, especially in occupational settings. Adjustments could limit the worst-case tissue temperature increases and improve alignment with operational safety goals.