The influence of eyelashes on electric field distribution and absorbed power density in the cornea under millimeter-wave exposure

Authors: Foroughimehr N, Vilagosh Z, Yavari A, Wood A

Year: 2024 Oct 14

Category: Bioelectromagnetics

Journal: Bioelectromagnetics

DOI: 10.1002/bem.22526

URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39402869/

Abstract

Overview

As millimeter wave (MMW) technology, especially in fifth-generation (5G) devices, becomes more widespread, there is a crucial demand for comprehensive electromagnetic (EM) models of eye tissues to improve understanding of EM exposure conditions.

This study focuses on employing numerical modeling to examine the interaction between MMW and the cornea. The research aims to characterize EM field distributions and absorption in an anatomically accurate model of the human eye, specifically considering the influence of eyelashes.

Methods

  • EM radiation from 20.0 to 100.0 GHz was simulated using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method.
  • A thermal sensor in XFdtd, based on the finite difference (FD) method, was used to analyze temperature increases within the eye model.

Findings

  • EM field distribution was nonuniform, intensifying in corneal regions close to the eyelashes and eyelids.
  • Temperature differences due to the presence or absence of eyelashes were found to be minimal, despite similar EM field patterns.
  • The study demonstrated that at 100.0 GHz, the eyelid's epidermis absorbs more radiation, thereby reducing the temperature rise in the cornea.

Conclusion

  • The presence of eyelashes does influence the localized distribution of EM fields in the cornea, linking MMW exposure to specific tissue absorption patterns within the eye.
  • Given the intensification of EM fields in areas adjacent to eyelashes and eyelids, there is a demonstrated connection to potential health risks from electromagnetic fields in the ocular region, underlining the need for EMF safety considerations.
millimeter-wave 5G electromagnetic fields cornea eyelashes power density ocular safety
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