Dosimetry of Various Human Bodies Exposed to Microwave Broadband Electromagnetic Pulses

Abstract

Overview

This study evaluates human exposure to ultra-wideband electromagnetic (EM) pulses in the microwave range, employing a frequency-dependent FDTD approach. The complex permittivity of biological tissues was modeled using the Cole–Cole model, enhancing the accuracy of the simulations.

Methodology

• Application of the fast inverse Laplace transform for time-domain impulse response.
• Utilization of the Prony method for Z-domain representation.
• Determination of update equations for the electric field via Z-transformation.

Findings

Reflection and transmission analyses on multilayer biological tissues confirm the method’s validity against analytical results. The specific energy absorption rates (SARs) and transmission characteristics were assessed and found to align with international guidelines. Most notably, EM pulse energy penetrating biological bodies predominantly falls below 1 GHz.

The FDTD method accurately computed the SAR for various human models, demonstrating significant energy absorption, particularly at higher frequencies, in superficial tissues like skin and fat.

Conclusion

The study introduces a robust method for exploring EM exposure effects, providing insights into energy absorption patterns within human bodies. The findings are critical for understanding EMF risks and align with safety standards, helping inform protective measures against potential health risks associated with EM field exposures.