Dosimetry of Various Human Bodies Exposed to Microwave Broadband Electromagnetic Pulses

Abstract

Overview

This paper evaluates human exposures to ultra-wideband (UWB) electromagnetic (EM) pulses in the microwave region using a sophisticated frequency-dependent FDTD scheme. The permittivity functions of all biological tissues employed in the study are described using the four-term Cole-Cole model.

Methodology

The authors utilize various advanced computational techniques including the fast inverse Laplace transform, the Prony method, and Z-transformation, to handle the EM calculations. Initial analyses focus on reflection and transmission properties across multilayered biological tissues.

Findings

• Numerical dosimetry was conducted on several human models exposed to broad spectrum EM pulses.
• The specific energy (SA) absorbed from EM pulses was closely evaluated and compared with international safety guidelines.
• It was noted that the transmission characteristics diminish as EM pulse travels further from the skin's boundary, showing higher absorption in superficial tissues at frequencies higher than 1 GHz.
• Maximum SA was observed in the hands and neck or the hands and ankle depending on grounding conditions, with peak values noted at 0.290 pJ/kg and 0.437 nJ/kg under different test conditions.

Conclusion

The study confirms the application's consistency with theoretical predictions and international standards, asserting the FDTD approach as a reliable method for detailed Mapping of SA across human body models.