Abstract

Overview

This study examines the impact of microwave radiation (MWR) and Ashwagandha (ASW) on oxidative stress and cholinergic imbalance in the hippocampus of male Japanese quail.

Methodology

• Control group received no treatment.
• Second group was exposed to MWR for 2 hours daily over 30 days.
• Third group was administered ASW root extract orally at 100 mg/day/kg body weight.
• Fourth group received both MWR exposure and ASW treatment.

Findings

• MWR exposure caused increased serum corticosterone, disrupted cholinergic balance, and induced neuro-inflammation leading to oxidative stress.
• Decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH) and decline in Nissl substances were noted, indicating neurodegeneration.
• ASW treatment enhanced cholinergic balance, reduced inflammation, decreased excessive ROS production, and lowered expression of caspase-3 and caspase-7.

Conclusion

The study demonstrates that while MWR induces significant oxidative stress and hippocampal apoptosis in the brain, ASW ameliorates these effects and supports neuronal health.