Abstract

Study Overview

This investigation focuses on the impact of Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields (ELF-EMFs) on the nervous system functions of adult rats. The research is pivotal due to the rising concerns about the pathogenic potential of ELF-EMFs.

Research Approach

• Subjects: Fifty male adult rats divided into five groups.
• Methodology: Four groups were exposed to ELF-EMFs at flux densities of 1, 100, 500, and 2000 microtesla (µT), at a frequency of 50 Hz for one hour per day over two months. A control group was not exposed to ELF-EMFs.
• Evaluations: Memory assessment through passive avoidance and anxiety-like behavior through Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) tests, alongside biochemical markers of oxidative stress and beta-amyloid deposition.

Key Findings

1. Memory retention was significantly improved in rats exposed to higher densities of ELF-EMF (100, 500, & 2000 µT).
2. There was a notable increase in anxiety-like behaviors in the group exposed to 2000 µT.
3. Enhanced microglial population in the higher exposure groups, suggesting possible neuroinflammation or activation of immune response within the brain.
4. No beta-amyloid depositions were observed, which indicates no development of pathology akin to Alzheimer's within the given exposure timeframe.

Conclusions and Implications

The results demonstrate that ELF-EMFs have the potential to alter neurological functions in adult rats, enhancing memory but also increasing anxiety, possibly through mechanisms linked to oxidative stress and immune response in the brain. Given the widespread daily exposure to electromagnetic fields, further research is essential to fully understand their implications on human health and develop protective standards against potentially harmful exposure.