Abstract

Abstract Overview

This scoping review investigates the effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF, 100 kHz–300 GHz) on the apoptosis of mammalian cells through a literature review aimed to map systematically the research and identify knowledge gaps.

Study Eligibility and Methodology

• Focus on in vitro studies evaluating apoptosis in mammalian cells exposed to RF-EMF
• Inclusion criteria: sham control, at least three independent experiments, proper dosimetry, and temperature monitoring
• Systematic collection and charting of data from relevant studies

Key Findings

Of 4362 searched papers, 121 were initially relevant; however, only 42 met all quality criteria. Data from these studies were analyzed to discern trends regarding the effect on apoptosis:

• Majority showed no significant effect; notable effects occurred mainly at frequencies above 6 GHz and for exposure durations of ≤1 hour
• Flaws in experimental methods like lack of blind analysis and assessment of single endpoints were common among studies

Conclusion

The review identifies substantial gaps in current research quality, underscoring the necessity for enhanced methodological quality in future studies to ensure dependable and reproducible results. Sufficient experimentation and robust study design are urged to reliably assess RF-EMF's impact on apoptosis.