Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure and Apoptosis: A Scoping Review of In Vitro Studies on Mammalian Cells

Abstract

Overview

In response to the lack of comprehensive reviews associating radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) with apoptosis in mammalian cells, this study conducts a scoping review to systematically map existing research and identify knowledge gaps.

Findings

• The review assessed apoptosis in mammalian cells under various RF-EMF exposure conditions after reviewing 4362 papers, with 121 pertinent but only 42 meeting quality criteria.
• Studies primarily did not show significant alterations in apoptosis, although some effects were noted above 6 GHz and under acute exposure durations.
• The study underscores that despite meeting basic quality criteria, many studies had flaws in experimental methods such as lack of blind analysis or assessment of single endpoints.

Conclusion

The lack of high-quality experimental methodologies highlights a significant gap in research. The need for well-conducted studies to provide reliable information about the effects of RF-EMF on apoptosis is critical for advancing understanding and ensuring safety recommendations are based on robust, reproducible evidence.