Abstract

Integrated Exposure Assessment to Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields

Overview

This study presents the development of an Integrated Exposure Model (IEM) aimed at providing an organ-specific analysis of radio-frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) exposure across the general population. The model combines source-specific exposure details like output power and distance used with personal usage patterns and demographic information.

Findings

• Source-specific data was gathered from an international survey involving 1755 participants across four European countries, enabling the calculation of median RF-EMF doses.
• Main sources of RF-EMF exposure were identified, with mobile phones being significant contributors, especially for whole-brain exposure during calls on 2G networks.
• Far-field sources and other RF-EMF-emitting devices also contributed substantially to whole-body exposure.

Conclusion

The IEM offers a detailed understanding of the main contributors to RF-EMF exposure, enabling it to be used in future epidemiological studies, risk assessments, and strategies aimed at reducing exposure. This model stands out for its comprehensive and modular approach, accommodating the inclusion of new technologies such as 5th generation networks.