The effect of exposure to radiofrequency fields on cancer risk in the general and working population: A protocol for a systematic review of human observational studies
Abstract
Overview
The World Health Organization (WHO) is conducting an assessment of potential health effects related to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) impacting the general and working population. This protocol details the approach for a systematic review of the literature examining the cancer risks linked to RF-EMF exposure.
Objective
Our goal is to evaluate the strength and quality of evidence from human observational studies regarding a causal link between RF-EMF exposure and the incidence of neoplastic diseases.
Eligibility Criteria
- Cohort and case-control studies examining neoplasm risks tied to various types of RF-EMF exposures: near-field (from wireless phones), far-field (environmental exposure from fixed-site transmitters), and near/far-field occupational exposure.
- Focus on specific tumors including those of the central nervous system, salivary glands, brain tumors, and leukemias.
Methods
Information will be compiled from databases like Medline, Embase, and EMF-Portal. We will apply a revised OHAT risk of bias tool for validity assessment and handle data analysis based on study specifics, with potential quantitative synthesis or narrative synthesis complemented by structured result tabulation.
Findings
Integration of varied study results may inform on the strength of associations and exposure-response relationships, uncovering potential inconsistencies and factoring them into the consensus.
Conclusion
This systematic review seeks to clarify the connection between RF-EMF exposure and cancer risk, enhancing our understanding and guiding future research and public health initiatives.
Funding & Registration
Supported by the World Health Organization, the New Zealand Ministry of Health, the Istituto Superiore di Sanità, ARPANSA, with registration number PROSPERO CRD42021236798.