Abstract

Overview

Today, mobile phones are one of the most common devices emitting electromagnetic radiation and are available to more than seven billion people in different age groups around the world.

Findings

In this systematic review, relevant articles were sourced from international databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Cochrane, covering research from 2007 to 2022. Key findings include:

• Cell phone radiation can disturb metabolic activity in the cerebellum by increasing the migration of granulosa cells.
• It may decrease the amniotic fluid around the fetus in pregnant women and reduce the number of blood platelets.
• Increases in ALT and AST levels, key biomarkers of liver damage, were noted.
• Decrease of phagocytosis and induced apoptosis of neutrophils.
• Changes in glucose levels and at the microscopic level in the pancreas, potentially predisposing individuals to diabetes.
• Increases in tissue temperature throughout the depth of brain tissue.
• EMF exposure can also lead to increased volume, weight, and atresia follicles in the ovaries of children; additionally, it can cause oxidative stress and DNA fragmentation.

Conclusion

Mobile phone radiation can cause various biological effects depending on its intensity, frequency, wave type, and exposure duration. Given the ongoing uncertainty about the full mechanism and effects, continued research in this field is paramount.