Abstract

Overview

This study systematically reviews the literature to determine the causality between nonthermal electromagnetic fields (0 to 300 GHz) and biological effects on Escherichia coli. Utilizing methodologies from the OHAT and risk of bias tools, this review critically evaluates existing research.

Methodology & Data Sources

• The OHAT methodology and risk of bias tool were used to assess the validity of experiment designs.
• Research sourced from Web-of-Knowledge, PubMed, and EMF-Portal was included, with studies spanning frequencies primarily within the extremely low-frequency (ELF) range.
• The selection criteria were based on exposure times of over 30 minutes at temperatures up to 37°C with minimal fluctuations.

Key Findings

• Out of 904 records, 25 articles were analyzed, focusing largely on ELF (85% of studies) and specific frequencies such as 50 Hz.
• Significant findings include changes in cell growth rate, morphology, and gene expression mainly within the ELF range.
• Despite comprehensive data, limited studies in other frequency ranges restrict definitive conclusions about broader EMF effects.

Conclusions

The findings suggest a discernible impact of nonthermal EMFs on E. coli, particularly within the ELF range. However, the variations in cellular responses necessitate further research, especially in varying electromagnetic frequency ranges and more mechanistic investigations into cellular processes.