Abstract

Abstract

The aim of this review is to assess the impact of cell phone radiation effects on green plants. With rapid progress in networking and communication technologies featuring frequency- and amplitude-modulated systems, there is significant exposure of green plants to cellular radiation. This study delves into the multiple dimensions of how this exposure affects plants at various biological levels.

• Overview: Investigation into frequency ranges, duration, power densities, and electric fields and their effects on plant growth and development.
• Findings:
  • Morphological changes like growth variations, altered canopy density, and pigmentation.
  • Physiological repercussions include alterations in chlorophyll fluorescence and membrane potentials.
  • Biochemical and cytogenetic disturbances such as elevated oxidative status, macromolecular damage, and chromosomal abnormalities like micronuclei formation and spindle detachments.
  • Molecular level impacts evident in overexpressed transcription factors.
• Conclusion: Cellular radiation impacts several plant characteristics positively and negatively, affecting germination, physiological traits, and genetic makeup. The specifics of positive impacts and further details on effects due to different frequencies and power levels are areas requiring more research, especially pertaining to wild plants in natural settings due to their significant exposure.

Additional in-depth research is essential in this rapidly advancing technological era to mitigate potential negative ecological impacts and understand unexplored positive interactions.