Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field (RF-EMF) exposure on pregnancy and birth outcomes: A systematic review of experimental studies on non-human mammals

Authors: Cordelli E, Ardoino L, Benassi B, Consales C, Eleuteri P, Marino C, Sciortino M, Villani P, Brinkworth MH, Chen G, McNamee JP, Wood AW, Belackova L, Verbeek J, Pacchierotti F

Year: 2023

Category: Environmental Health

Journal: Environment International

Institution: World Health Organization

DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108178

URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412023004518

Abstract

Overview

The World Health Organization coordinates a pivotal project to address the global concern about the impact of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field (RF-EMF) exposure on reproductive health outcomes in non-human mammals. This systematic review is one of several efforts to synthesize existing scientific evidence and assess the potential risks associated with RF-EMF exposure.

Methodology

Extensive searches were conducted across multiple scientific databases, using stringent inclusion criteria for high-quality, peer-reviewed experimental studies. The review rigorously evaluated the effects of RF-EMF on various reproductive and developmental parameters, employing state-of-the-art meta-analysis techniques.

Key Findings

  • The review concludes no significant impact on fecundity measured by litter size.
  • A marked increase in the incidence of resorbed and dead fetuses at high exposure levels indicates potential risks of RF-EMF on gestational outcomes.
  • Statistical analysis revealed a moderate decrease in fetal weight and length, and increased frequency of congenital malformations at high RF-EMF exposure levels.
  • Neurobehavioral functions in offspring showed mixed results, with some adverse effects observed at higher exposure levels, thus suggesting further research is needed.

Conclusion

This review emphasizes that while some parameters show minimal impact, others exhibit significant adverse effects under high exposure conditions, exceeding typical human exposure levels. These findings underscore the urgent need for research focused on exposure thresholds, adherence to rigorous experimental protocols, and the long-term consequences of exposure, especially at levels relevant to human environmental exposure.

Implications for Policy and Research

The systematic investigation found restrictive evidence, advocating for continuous and careful evaluation of RF-EMF exposure impacts using well-designed studies. The goal is to better inform public health policy

EMF Pregnancy Reproductive Health Non-human Mammals Systematic Review Health Risk Radiofrequency
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