Protocol for a systematic review of the in vivo studies on radiofrequency (100 kHz–300 GHz) electromagnetic field exposure and cancer

Abstract

Overview

An Italian project led by the ENEA team is set to review scientific literature analyzing the potential carcinogenic effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMFs) ranging from 100 kHz to 300 GHz. The systematic review aims to synthesize data from in vivo studies to better understand these possible health risks.

Objectives

The review seeks to:

• Provide both a descriptive and quantitative summary of in vivo studies on RF-EMF exposure.
• Evaluate the consistency of observations and investigate the causes of heterogeneity within the results.
• Assess the evidence concerning the carcinogenic effects of RF-EMF exposure and to formulate conclusions regarding its carcinogenic potential.

Methods

For the systematic review:

• Searches will be conducted across electronic academic databases and previous review's reference lists, focusing on studies published since 2011.
• Inclusion criteria limit the review to peer-reviewed articles written in English, with no restriction on publication date.
• Studies must involve both exposed and control groups, and include all types of cancer outcomes among rodents of different sexes, ages, species, and genetic backgrounds.
• Perform risk of bias assessments, and where feasible, a meta-analysis, otherwise perform a narrative synthesis.

Conclusion

The systematic review will identify and synthesize the evidence on the potential carcinogenic risks associated with RF-EMF exposure, contributing important insights into public health implications and policy.