The effect of Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field on spatial memory of mice and rats: A systematic review

Authors: Abkhezr H, Mohaddes G, Nikniaz Z, Farhangi MA, Heydari H, Nikniaz L

Year: 2023

Category: Neuroscience

Journal: Learning and Motivation

DOI: 10.1016/j.lmot.2023.101873

URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0023969023000048

Abstract

Overview

With the ubiquitous presence of electromagnetic fields (EMF), particularly extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF), this study systematically reviews the impact of ELF-EMF on spatial memory and hippocampal changes in rodents.

Findings

  • 46.66% of studies found no significant effects on spatial memory after exposure to ELF-EMF.
  • 33.33% reported impaired spatial memory, increased oxidative stress, and higher free radical levels.
  • 20% observed enhanced spatial memory, increased neurogenesis, and reduced oxidative stress.

The study indicates that the impact of ELF-EMF on spatial memory strongly depends on the duration of exposure, highlighting both potential therapeutic benefits and risks.

Conclusion

While short-term exposure at low frequencies may be benign or advantageous, prolonged exposure can severely impair spatial memory in mice and rats. Continuous and extensive research is necessary to further elucidate these findings, especially concerning long-term exposure effects.

ELF-EMF spatial memory mice rats oxidative stress neurogenesis systematic review
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