Impact of non-ionising radiation of male fertility: a systematic review

Authors: Motchidlover L, Sari-Minodier I, Sunyach C, Metzler-Guillemain C, Perrin J

Year: 2025

Category: Epidemiology

Journal: French Journal of Urology

DOI: 10.1016/j.fjurol.2024.102800

URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950393024002675

Abstract

Overview

Exposure to non-ionizing radiation has become inevitable because people cannot escape sources of electromagnetic fields, such as Wi-Fi or cell phones. Among the mechanisms mentioned, the energy emitted by this non-ionizing radiation could cause heating which would have harmful effects on semen quality.

Objective

The objective of this study was to carry out a systematic review of the literature concerning the impact of exposure to non-ionizing radiation from mobile phones (or other sources) on sperm parameters.

Methodology

  • 12 studies were selected for review.
  • Studies included both in vivo human and in vitro animal studies.

Findings

  • The majority of in vivo and in vitro studies report a significant impact on sperm count, mobility, and vitality.
  • Mobility and vitality are the parameters most regularly impacted by exposure to non-ionizing radiation.

Conclusion

Additional studies are necessary to further investigate and complete this area of research, especially with new generations of mobile phones that may present health concerns related to electromagnetic field exposure.

electromagnetic fields non-ionizing radiation male fertility sperm quality mobile phones semen parameters health risks
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