Scoping Review of the Potential Health Effects of Exposure to Extremely Low-Frequency Electric and Magnetic Fields

Abstract

Overview

Previous studies have highlighted the potential impacts of extremely low-frequency (ELF) electric and magnetic fields (EMFs) on human health, sparking a need for comprehensive review.

Findings

• Epidemiological Evidence: The scoping review examined research from 2007-2017 to identify associations between ELF EMFs and various health outcomes.
• Health Outcomes Investigated: Key areas included cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), reproductive health effects, and neurodegenerative diseases.
• Study Inclusions: A total of 361 articles were considered, with 39 meeting the inclusion criteria encompassing different exposure types such as occupational, residential, and through electric blankets.
• Associations Found: There was suggested association particularly with neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease. However, associations with cancer, CVD, and reproductive outcomes were inconclusive and require further study.

Conclusion

Current evidence indicates a potential link between ELF EMFs and certain health risks, particularly neurodegenerative diseases. The limited and inconsistent findings regarding cancer, CVD, and reproductive health outcomes underline the need for additional large-scale epidemiological studies with improved exposure assessments.