Abstract

Abstract Summary

Overview

Magnetic fields with varying frequency and intensity impact different biological models. Specifically, exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF MF) has been observed to promote neuronal differentiation in both in vitro and in vivo models. This finding has significant implications, potentially aiding in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as autism, Parkinson's disease, and dementia through non-invasive neurogenesis techniques.

Findings

• Human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) demonstrated enhanced differentiation under ELF MF, marked by increased neuronal markers and intracellular Ca²⁺ levels.
• Elongation of mature neurites was observed, along with higher c-fos expression.
• The differentiation effects were linked to the activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors by ELF MF.
• Blocking NMDA receptors with memantine neutralized these effects, reinforcing the role of NMDA receptors in ELF MF-induced differentiation.

Conclusion

This study identifies the NMDA receptor as a critical element in ELF MF-induced neuronal differentiation, suggesting a Ca²⁺-dependent pathway as a mechanism of action. The insights gained here could pave the way for further research into the mechanisms and potential therapeutic applications of ELF MFs.